Composing Perfumes

The Perfumerand fixatives (refer notes below).
The task of composing perfumes that will sell is toInstead of building a perfume from "ground up",
enhance an expert on perfume composition ormany modern perfumes and colognes are made using
known in the fragrance industry as the perfumer.fragrance bases, which are essential oils and aromatic
They are also sometimes referred to as "The Nose"chemicals. The effort used in developing bases by
due to their fine sense of smell and skill in smellfragrance companies or individual perfumers may
composition. The perfumer is effectively an artistequal that of a marketed perfume, since they are
who is trained in depth on the concepts of fragranceuseful in that they are reusable.
aesthetics and who is capable of conveying abstractThe perfume's fragrance oils are then blended with
concepts and moods with their fragranceethyl alcohol and water, aged in tanks for a minimum
compositions.of 14 days and filtered through processing equipment
to remove any sediment and particles before the
The composition of a perfume begins when thesolution can be filled into the perfume bottles.
perfumer's employer's are given a brief which willNotes:
contain the specifications for the desired perfume- Primary scents: Can consist of one or a few main
that the organisation is trying to achieve. Theingredients for a certain concept, such a "rose".
employees are given several tasks to complete.Alternatively, multiple ingredients can be used
They are expected to describe what the perfumetogether to create an "abstract" primary scent that
smells like, their feelings after smelling the perfume,does not bear a resemblance to a natural ingredient.
when the perfume should be worn, also the price ofFor instance, jasmine and rose scents are commonly
the perfume oil concentrate. This will determine whatblends for abstract floral fragrances. Cola flavourant is
aromatics and fragrance ingredients can/will be useda good example of an abstract primary scent.
in the perfume composition.- Modifiers: These ingredients alter the primary scent
This process is an in depth and tedious task but it isto give the perfume a certain desired character: for
essential. The perfumer will then start a process ofinstance, fruit esters may be included in a floral
blending various perfume mixtures and try to achieveprimary to create a fruity floral; calone and citrus
the outcome the brief. This process can take severalscents can be added to create a "fresher" floral. The
months or years. Once all the information is gatheredcherry scent in cherry cola can be considered a
the perfume composition may be used as amodifier.
fragrance enhancement in shampoos, make-up,- Blenders: A large group of ingredients that smooth
detergents, etc or it may be marketed and soldout the transitions of a perfume between different
directly to the public as a fine fragrance."layers" or bases. Common blending ingredients include
Techniquelinalool and hydroxycitronellol.
Perfume oils usually contain tens to hundreds of- Fixatives: Used to support the primary scent by
ingredients. These ingredients can be roughly groupedbolstering it. Many resins and wood scents, and
into four groups: primary scents, modifiers, blendersamber bases are used for fixative purposes.